| 1.1 Define and explain the terms volumetric and gravimetric analysis. |
| 1.2 Express the concentration of solutions in terms of percentage, g/l, molarity, molality, normality, ppm, ppb |
| 1.3 Define and calculate the equivalent weight of (elements, acids, bases, salts, oxidizing and reducing agents). |
| 1.4 Express the concentration of the solution in terms of normality. |
| 1.5 Explain and apply the concept of the law of equivalence in chemical calculation. |
| 1.6 Define and explain primary and secondary standard substances. |
| 1.7 Explain different types of titration and their applications. |
